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14. Commitments and Contingencies

During three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded the following as lease costs for the periods presented:

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The following tables summarize quantitative information about the Company’s operating leases, under the adoption of ASC Topic 842, Leases:

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Indemnification

In accordance with its certificate of incorporation, bylaws and indemnification agreements, the Company has indemnification obligations to its officers and directors for certain events or occurrences, subject to certain limits, while they are serving at the Company’s request in such capacity. There have been no claims to date, and the Company has director and officer insurance to address such claims. The Company and its subsidiaries and partner companies also provide indemnification of contractual counterparties (sometimes without monetary caps) to clinical sites, service providers and licensors.

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Legal Proceedings

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In the ordinary course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries and partner companies may be subject to both insured and uninsured litigation. Suits and claims may be brought against the Company by customers, suppliers, partners and/or third parties (including tort claims for personal injury arising from clinical trials of the Company’s product candidates and property damage) alleging deficiencies in performance, breach of contract, etc., and seeing resulting alleged damages.

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University of Tennessee Research Foundation v. Caelum Biosciences, Inc.

Caelum Biosciences, Inc. (“Caelum”), a former subsidiary of Fortress that was sold to AstraZeneca’s Alexion (“Alexion”) in October 2021, is the defendant in a lawsuit brought by The University of Tennessee Research Foundation (“UTRF”) captioned as University of Tennessee Research Foundation v. Caelum Biosciences, Inc., No. 19-cv-00508, which is pending in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee (the “UTRF Litigation”). UTRF brought claims against Caelum, for, inter alia, tortious interference and trade secret misappropriation. UTRF primarily alleges that Caelum unauthorizedly used non-patent trade secrets owned by UTRF in the development of Caelum’s 11-1F4 monoclonal antibody, known as CAEL-101. Under the agreement pursuant to which Alexion acquired Caelum (as amended, the “DOSPA”), Fortress has indemnification obligations of Caelum under certain circumstances, including for certain of Caelum’s legal expenses and potential damages arising out of the UTRF Litigation (with such indemnification capped in the aggregate as to Fortress at the amount of Caelum acquisition proceeds received by Fortress – approximately $57 million to date - and which, at Caelum’s election, may be satisfiable in the form of offsets against future amounts that Caelum may owe Fortress under the DOSPA). Caelum is defending the UTRF Litigation, with Fortress participating in such defense and maintaining a consent right over any potential settlements. Caelum’s legal fees and costs in defending the UTRF Litigation are being reimbursed by Fortress by distribution from a $15 million escrow account established concurrently with the acquisition of Caelum; Fortress considers the amount remaining in escrow to be in excess of the amount of its anticipated out-of-pocket indemnifiable costs and damages in the UTRF Litigation and therefore has not accrued any liability pertaining to this indemnity. Caelum and Fortress both believe the UTRF Litigation is without merit and intend to continue defending it vigorously (including exhausting all appeals if applicable). Caelum’s motion for summary judgment is currently pending, and a trial is scheduled for September 2024 with respect to any of UTRF’s claims that may survive summary judgment.